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TE. BIOLOGIA COMPARADA- FLORAL BIOLOGY AND POLLINATION IN CROP PLANTS (DBI-4182)

 

Docente responsável: Prof. Dr. Luiz Antonio de Souza

Docentes participantes:

Dr. J. Hugo Cota-Sánchez (Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Canadá)

Dr. Odair José García de Almeida (UNESP, IB/Campus do Litoral Paulista)

Carga horária: 3 créditos - 45hs – Tópicos Especiais

  1. EMENTA/ 2. OBJETIVOS/ 3. PROGRAMA/ 4. BIBLIOGRAFIA/5. CRITÉRIO DE AVALIAÇÃO
  1. EMENTA

 Survey of floral diversity, pollination mechanisms and major sexual systems and reproductive strategies of seed plants, with emphasis on angiosperms and crop plants. With increasing emphasis on floral evolution and plant reproductive and pollination biology, and seed science.

  1. OBJETIVO

 To study the plant reproductive biology, with emphasis in crop plants and other angiosperms.

  1. PROGRAMA

Reproductive biology and plant systematics

Flower structure and function - general review and discussion

Botanical basis and diversity of floral classification

Flower evolution and fossil evidence

Angiosperm floral diversity and the ABCD model of floral development

Floral rewards and pollinators

Floral and extrafloral nectaries; structure & function; phylogenetic distribution

Sexual systems in plants

Dichogamy: protrandry and protogyny

Pollination syndromes: abiotic and biotic pollination. Taxonomic distribution

Pollination and agriculture. Fruit production

Fruit & fruit development

Vivipary in plants

Conservation of pollinators and pollinator services to ecosystem and society

Implications of climate change on pollinators, crops, and food security

  1. BIBLIOGRAFIA

Allard, R.W. 1999. Principles of plant breeding. John Wiley & Sons.

Almeida, O.J.G., Cota-Sánchez, J.H., and Paoli, A.A.S. 2013. The systematic significance of floral morphology, nectaries, and sugar nectar concentration in epiphytic cacti of tribes Hylocereeae and Rhipsalideae (Cactaceae). Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 15: 255-268. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2013.08.001.

Almeida, O.J.G., Paoli, A.A., and J.H. Cota-Sánchez, J.H. 2012. A macro- and micromorphological survey of floral and extrafloral nectaries in the epiphytic cactus Rhipsalis teres (Cactoideae: Rhipsalideae). Flora 207: 119-125.

Almeida, O.J.G., Souza, L.A., Paoli, AA.S., Davis, A.R., Cota-Sánchez, J.H. 2018. Pericarp development in fruits of epiphytic cacti. Botany 96: 621-635. doi: https://doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2018-0074.

Anderson, G.J., Johnson, S.D., Neal, P.R. and Bernardello, G. 2002. Reproductive biology and plant systematics: the growth of a symbiotic association. Taxon 51: 637-653.

Armbruster, W.S. and Muchhala, N., 2009. Associations between floral specialization and species diversity: cause, effect, or correlation? Evolutionary Ecology, 23: 159-179.

Barrett, S.C.H. 2010. Understanding plant reproductive versatility. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 365: 99-109. Doi: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0199.

Barrett SCH. 2013. The evolution of plant reproductive systems: how often are transitions irreversible? Proceedings of the Royal Society B 280: 20130913. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.0913.

Becerra, J.X.I. and Venable, D.L. 1989. Extrafloral nectaries: a defense against ant-homoptera mutualisms? Oikos 55: 276–280.

Bernardello, G. 2007. A systematic survey of floral nectaries. In: Nicolson, S.W., Nepi, M., Pacini, E. (Eds.), Nectaries and Nectar. Springer, Berlin, pp. 19-128.

Bertin, R.I. and Newman, C.M. 1993. Dichogamy in angiosperms. The Botanical Review 59: 112-152.

Bowman, J.L., Smyth, D.R., and Meyerowitz, E.M. 2012. The ABC model of flower development: then and now. Development 139: 4095-4098. Doi:10.1242/dev.083972.

Busch, A. and Zachgo, S. 2009. Flower symmetry evolution: towards understanding the abominable mystery of angiosperm radiation. Bioessays 31: 1181-1190.

Charlesworth, D. 2006. Evolution of plant breeding systems. Current Biology 16: R726-R735.

Cota-Sánchez, J.H. 2004. Vivipary in the Cactaceae: its taxonomic occurrence and biological significance. Flora 199: 481-490.

Cota-Sánchez, J.H.,2017. Precocious germination (Vivipary) in tomato: a link to economic loss? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences, pp.1-9.

Cota-Sánchez, J.H. and Abreu, D.D. 2007. Vivipary and offspring survival in the epiphytic cactus Epiphyllum phyllanthus (Cactaceae). Journal of Experimental Botany 58: 3865-3873.

Cota-Sánchez, J.H., Almeida, O.J.G., Falconer, D.J., Choi, H.J., and Lewis, B. 2013. Intriguing thigmonastic (sensitive) stamens in the Plains Prickly Pear Opuntia polyacantha (Cactaceae). Flora 208: 381-389. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2013.04.009.

Cota‐Sánchez, J.H., Reyes‐Olivas, Á. and Sánchez‐Soto, B. 2007. Vivipary in coastal cacti: a potential reproductive strategy in halophytic environments. American Journal of Botany 94: 1577-1581.

Damerval, C. and Becker, A. 2017. Genetics of flower development in Ranunculales - a new, basal eudicot model order for studying flower evolution. New Phytologist. Doi: 10.1111/nph.14401.

Elias, T.S. 1983. Extrafloral nectaries: their structure and distribution. In: Bentley B, Elias TS. eds. The biology of nectaries. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.

Endress, P.K. 2001. Origins of flower morphology. Journal of Experimental Zoology Part A: Ecological Genetics and Physiology 291: 105-115.

Endress, P.K. 2010. Flower structure and trends of evolution in eudicots and their major subclades. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 97: 541-583.

Endress, P.K. 2011. Evolutionary diversification of the flowers in angiosperms. American Journal of Botany 98: 370-396.

Endress, P.K. 2012. The immense diversity of floral monosymmetry and asymmetry across angiosperms. The Botanical Review 78: 345-397.

Eriksson, O. and Bremer, B. 1992. Pollination systems, dispersal modes, life forms, and diversification rates in angiosperm families. Evolution 46: 258-266. Doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1992.tb02000.x.

Fahn, A. 1952. On the structure of floral nectaries. Botanical Gazette 113: 464-470.

Festner C.B., Armbruster, W.S., Wilson, P., Dudash, M.R., and Thomson, J.D. 2004. Pollination syndromes and floral specialization. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 35: 375-403.

Friedman, J. and Barrett, S.C. 2008. A phylogenetic analysis of the evolution of wind pollination in the angiosperms. International Journal of Plant Sciences 169(1): 49-58.

Frohlich, M.W. 2003. Opinion: an evolutionary scenario for the origin of flowers. Nature Reviews. Genetics 4: 559-566.

Gutiérrez-Flores, C., Cota-Sánchez, J.H., León-de la Luz, J.L., and García-De León, J.F. 2017. Disparity in floral traits and breeding systems in the iconic columnar cactus Pachycereus pringlei (Cactaceae). Flora 235: 18-28.

Hoehn, P., Tscharntke, T., Tylianakis, J.M. and Steffan-Dewenter, I. 2008. Functional group diversity of bee pollinators increases crop yield. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 275(1648): 2283-2291.

Jonhson, S.D. and Steiner, K.E. 2000. Generalization versus specialization in plant pollination systems. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 15: 140-143.

Kearns, C.C. and Inouye, D.W. 1997. Pollinators, flowering plants, and conservation biology. BioScience 47: 297-307

Keeler, K.H. 2008. World list of plants with extrafloral nectaries.

Knudsen, J.T., Eriksson, R., Gershenzon, J. et al. Bot. Rev (2006) 72: 1-120. https://doi.org/10.1663/0006-8101(2006)72[1:DADOFS]2.0.CO;2.

Lloyd, D.G. and Webb, C.J., 1986. The avoidance of interference between the presentation of pollen and stigmas in angiosperms I. Dichogamy. New Zealand Journal of Botany 24: 135-162.

Marazzi, B., Bronstein, J.L., and Koptur, S. 2013. The diversity, ecology and evolution of extrafloral nectaries: current perspectives and future challenges. Annals of Botany 111: 1243-1250.

Morgan, M.T. and Schoen, D.J. 1997. The role of theory in an emerging new plant reproductive biology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 12: 231-234. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-5347(97)01045-8

Moyroud, E. and Glover, B.J. 2016. The physics of pollinator attraction. New Phytologist. Doi: 10.1111/nph.14312.

Ornduff, R. 1969. Reproductive biology in relation to systematics. Taxon, 18: 121-133.

Philbrick, C.T. and Les, D.H. 1996. Evolution of aquatic angiosperm reproductive systems. Bioscience 46: 813-826.

Raguso, R.A. 2004. Why are some floral nectars scented? Ecology 85: 1486-1494.

Richards, A.J. 1997. Plant breeding systems. Garland Science.

Rosado, A., Vera-Vélez, R., Cota-Sánchez, J.H. 2018. Floral morphology and reproductive biology in selected maple (Acer L.) species (Sapindaceae). Brazilian Journal of Botany 41: 361-374.

Rudall, P.J., Manning, J.C. and Goldblatt, P. 2003. Evolution of floral nectaries in Iridaceae. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 90: 613-631.

Sauquet, H., von Balthazar, M., Magallón, S., Doyle, J.A., Endress, P.K., Bailes, E.J., de Morais, E.B., Bull-Hereñu, K., Carrive, L., Chartier, M. and Chomicki, G. 2017. The ancestral flower of angiosperms and its early diversification. Nature communications, 8, p.16047.

Simpson, B.B. and Neff, J.L. 1981. Floral rewards: alternatives to pollen and nectar. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 68: 301-322. Doi: 10.2307/2398800.

Smets, E.F., Ronse Decraene, L.P., Caris, P., and Rudall, P.J. 2000. Floral nectaries in monocotyledons: distribution and evolution. Monocots: systematics and evolution pp. 230-240.

Soltis, D.E., Chanderbali, A.S., Kim, S., Buzgo, M., and P.S. Soltis. 2007. The ABC model and its applicability of basal angiosperms. Annals of Botany 100: 151-163. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcm117.

Spetch, C.D. and Bartlett M.E. 2009. Flower evolution: the origin and subsequent diversification of the angiosperm flower. Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics 40: 217-243.

Stuessy, T.F. 2004. A transitional-combinational theory for the origin of angiosperms. Taxon 53: 3-16.

Weber, M.G. and Keeler, K.H. 2012. The phylogenetic distribution of extrafloral nectaries in plants. Annals of Botany 111: 1251-1261. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcs225.

  1. CRITÉRIO DE AVALIAÇÃO

The evaluation will consider the following criteria: Class attendance, participation & discussion; Lead paper discussion; Group/team project & design; Written Project; Final oral presentation.